Episode 70 The Deterioration of General Spanish Policy
The Deterioration of General Spanish Policy
The policy of Sharif Al-Raysuni on the Western Front and his heroic positions in jihad and struggle—defending the homeland and religion, and liberating the sons of Muslims—confused Spanish statesmen and threw their core operations into complete deterioration at all levels, whether the government in Spain itself, the administration representing it in northern Morocco, headed by General Sanjurjo. This is because the head and affairs had deteriorated, confusion and turmoil struck its political conditions, and a total failure befell it. It did not know what to advance or delay regarding the issue of the occupation of northern Morocco, especially in its war on the Western Front; as Spain as a whole was struck by a violent earthquake that shook it entirely, until a wave of improvisation overwhelmed it, the measure that prompted the General Residency in Tetouan to freeze its policy, and to tend towards awaiting the improvised Spanish-ness, waiting for what improvisation events would reveal, keeping what was as it was after the armistice agreement with Sharif Al-Raysuni was concluded.
The aforementioned agreement stipulated in one of its clauses that Spain should compensate for the military losses of the Jebali revolution with a financial amount estimated at two million Spanish pesetas, and its resident views that there is no way to do that as long as Spain lacks popular stability—which has begun to denounce the government and sees its occupation policy in the north as doom and destruction—which added to the policy of the General Residency in Tetouan nearly twelve months of quasi-efforts, starting from September 13, 1923, to August 8, 1924. During this period, the Spanish people took to the streets, women and men, expressing their opinion on the policy pursued by their government in the occupation of northern Morocco, and demonstrating their discontent with it; as the Spanish people viewed Morocco, considering it like a leech swallowing money and men, and mothers refrained from sending their children to the land of Marrakech, then the general situation in Spain turned into raging, sweeping chaos, expressing its discontent with the rulers of Madrid, and that was a reason...
The gradual collapse of Spanish control in Northern Morocco revealed the limits of colonial power, as military setbacks, domestic unrest, and the resilience of Rif resistance reshaped the course of the conflict.
...the chaos of affairs over the rulers of Madrid, and confusion struck the deterioration of its affairs, and the demonstrations increased in intensity and comprehensiveness, until Spain as a whole demanded total withdrawal from northern Morocco definitively. When France saw what its ally Spain reached from the threat of its government and its aggressive occupation policy for the northern region, France intervened politically and militarily against the severity of its occupied neighbor, so its naval fleet came to the eastern front, and participated with Spain to land its troops on the beach of Al Hoceima, as presented to you in the comment on the matter of the infidel, then it was decided between them that Spain should hasten to end its occupation of the Rif region, and after that, the Franco-Spanish agreement was signed on ending the occupation in the Rif region on September 8, 1925; which is four months and five days after the death of Sharif Al-Raysuni. Then its liquidation of its occupation in the Rif moved to liquidating others in the mountainous regions of the north, and all the areas from which it withdrew during the era of Sharif Al-Raysuni on the Western Front.
Then Spain stabilized after that, and hope returned to it in victory over the northern occupation, then it embarked on liquidating the Rif from the direction of Al Hoceima with the participation of France for the tribes of Bahloua and Ferkha, and captured Al Hoceima and Martil and executed what was intended, and here Amir Muhammad bin Abdul Karim surrendered to the French occupation willingly, not reluctantly, so his family and all his money followed him, then Spain recruited the youth of the Rif and threw them into the Jebali wars to retrieve what it had lost of withdrawal from the Western Front during the era of the late Sharif Al-Raysuni.
The General Residency took over after the resignation of General Primo de Rivera, General Sanjurchou, who was alarmed in the days after the departure of most of the Jebali tribesmen in the wars and those who remained behind them showed unparalleled steadfastness in the face of the Spanish forces until they were overwhelmed by their command and surrendered forcibly and put all their weapons that were in their hands at the hands of the occupying enemy, and became like rabbits in his hands after they were lions and towering peaks in bravery and advancing during the era of their leader, the mujahid hero Sharif Al-Raysuni, and after his absence from his country, and the burial of his body in the soil of his homeland in Témara from the Rif region.
Conclusion
- Label: Al-Raisuni Series
- Summary: The text outlines the severe political and military deterioration of Spanish rule in northern Morocco, driven by the resistance of Sharif Al-Raisuni and the broader Rif revolution. It details how domestic unrest in Spain, financial and human exhaustion, and military setbacks—culminating in the joint Franco-Spanish campaigns and subsequent shift in colonial strategy—forced Spain into strategic withdrawals and profound administrative upheaval.
- See also the previous episodes linked below
المشرف على منصة "أرشيف شمال المغرب" للتوثيق والبحث التاريخي.
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